Top 10 Concerns of Social Studies Teachers

Under Article 4 of the Universal Declaration of Human...

Under Article 4 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, no person â€Å"shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.† A more accurate definition of modern slavery is provided by Kevin Bales who defined slavery as â€Å"a relationship in which one person is controlled by violence through violence, the threat of violence, or psychological coercion, has lost free will and free movement, is exploited economically, and paid nothing beyond subsistence.† The migrant workers in Qatar and especially the unskilled labor are unaware of these rights. These construction workers if not absolutely are close to completing all the conditions to be labelled as victims of modern slavery. Domestic help†¦show more content†¦Often, the wages are decreased considerably after the contractors mislead their workers into new contracts. There have been many cases where construction workers in Qatar had to stay hungry or b orrow money for food as the food allowances were reduced considerably or entirely stopped without any valid reason. But, the employers and sponsors are not held responsible, as, they can get by just by making excuses of it being the decision of the corporate offices. The food situation added with the fact that more than 50% these migrant workers do not even have medical cards which are required for access to public hospitals and the earlier mentioned living conditions completely breaks Article 25 of the Human Rights which declares that â€Å"Everyone has the right to an adequate standard of living for health and well-being, including food, clothing, housing, medical care and necessary social services. According to Amnesty International, these are the five articles that determine the conditions of modern slavery. Modern slavery exists! With an average 5 migrant workers to every Qatari citizen, Qataris are born with people from other foreign countries working for them in all streams of life. However, with the south Asian andShow MoreRelatedWomen s Traditional Cultural Values Of Gender Roles1333 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Human trafficking is a heinous crime and a horribly profitable business which affects hundreds of millions of people every year worldwide. In Nepal, women and girls are more often trafficked than men, either within the country or to brothels in India. They make easy prey because of the poor economic status of many Nepalese citizens and the fact that most women and girls in Nepal do not have education and are completely illiterate. Traffickers are able to abduct them from their lives andRead MoreHuman Trafficking- The Escalating Global Violation of Human Rights1355 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Trafficking- The Escalating Global Violation of Human Rights Human Trafficking is a serious Global matter that violates a multitude of the Human Rights articles outline in The Universal Declarations of Human Rights. Thousands of individuals are subjects of Human Trafficking every year; the perpetrators of this crime do not discriminate, targeting men, women, the young and the old all over the world. Human Trafficking is indeed a Global issue, occurring in nearly every country on the planetRead MoreFence Of Human Trafficking811 Words   |  4 Pagesoffence of human trafficking encompasses multiple countries and by extension, multiple jurisdictions. To simplify, the issue can be trichotomised to ‘source countries’, ‘transit countries’ and ‘destination countries’. Australia, alongside with the rest of the developed world, is widely considered a destination country. A destination country, as inferred from the title, is one where those trafficked are most commonly sent to. Throughout the world, it is estimated the number of victims of human traffickingRead More The United Nations Essay2942 Words   |  12 Pagesagencies and programs. One of the most important is UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund) because they help in the fight against child starvation and malnutrition. This is important because one in three deaths in the world is the death of a child under the age of five. UNICEF was created by the United Nations General Assembly in 1946 to help children. After World War II in Europe, UNICEF was first known as the United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund. In 1953, UNICEF became a permanentRead MoreHuman Trafficking And 19th Century American Slavery2818 Words   |  12 Pages Many people believe that slavery was abolished in the 17th century; however, this is only partly correct. Slavery is technically illegal in the United States, but on the black market, humans are still constantly trafficked. Specifically, a lot of men, women and children are trafficked from another country and brought to America to be a slave. This comparison will focus on the similarities of today’s human trafficking and 17th century American Slavery, specifically relating to sexual exploitationRead MoreAssignments: Human Rights Law4555 Words   |  19 Pagesthe shift to digital printing are at risk. Sales Marketing The largest single market for printing services is advertising, for newspaper inserts, magazines, and direct mail materials. Although some work may be done regularly for large customers under long-term contracts (magazines, product catalogs, and phone books), most is on a project basis, often after a bidding process. Work may be episodic and many printers keep extra presses to meet anticipated peak demands. Marketing is usually done byRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Global Issue1280 Words   |  6 Pagesand we as a human race still cannot say that slavery has ended. Since the onset of African slave trading, trafficking of women and children has since developed and atrociously branched into the trafficking of human organs as well as sex. It wasn t until several hundreds of years later that the Emancipation Proclamation would be created and signed. President Abraham Lincoln ordered and issued the Emancipation Proclamation as a war measure for the sole purpose of abolishing slavery in the UnitedRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Slavery : A Violation Of The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights3225 Words   |  13 PagesOverview Human Trafficking and Slavery universally happens in the world when individuals are placed or maintained in and exploitive situation for economic gain. Women, men and children are trafficked for a range of different purposes; forced and exploitative labour in factories, farms and private households, sexual exploitation, and forced marriage. Trafficking can happen to all people if the circumstances are right. Human trafficking and slavery is in direct violation of the Universal Declaration of HumanRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Serious Violation Of Human Rights1639 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Human trafficking involves the recruitment, transportation, harbouring and/ or exercising control, direction or influence over the movements of a person in order to exploit that person, typically through sexual exploitation or forced labour† (Public Safety Canada, 2015). It is also called a modern form of slavery. According to one estimate about 2.4million people around the globe are trafficked annually (Golbya, Sian Hsiang-Te Zacharias, 2015). In Canada alone, currently, 56 human traffickingRead MoreBusiness Ethics - Philosophy of Human Rights6492 Words   |  26 PagesPhilosophy of Human Rights Reading 1. Denis Arnold, â€Å"The Human Rights Obligations of Multinational Corporations† I have had the opportunity to teach a number of courses on the philosophy of human rights. To supplement the Arnold reading, I thought that I would give you some basic background regarding the central philosophical and legal debates over the nature of human rights. What are human rights? Human rights are international norms that help to protect all people everywhere

Juveniles Essay Example For Students

Juveniles Essay As I entered the juvenile detention facility on 150th, I began to wonder about the female detainee I was going to interview regarding placement. I am sitting in a locked room with a desk, two (2) chairs and a large plexie glass window. As the staff arrived she was accompanied with Farouka (the name has been changed to protect confidentiality). Farouka is a 14-year-old Caucasian/Hispanic female small in stature, wearing county blues (issued clothing). She appeared fearful and teary eyed. She has been detained and adjudicated due to strong-armed robbery. Farouka was involved with two other young people in robbing another 14-year-old in front of a 7-11 convenient store. They beat and kicked the victim and stole approximately $20.00 in cash. The convenient store clerk had interrupted the crime. As a result of the beating the victim was taken to the hospital. During the interview Farouka was very unclear of her punishment (group home placement for 12 months) and felt it was too harsh. Her reasoning was because it was her first offense. However, Farouka had been expelled from school due to fighting and required to go to continuation school. There is a history of truancy, out of parental control, drug and alcohol abuse. It is clear that due to her many questions she was unable to deduct the reasons behind her consequence. It is because of the circumstances and situations, similar in nature to that of Faroukas our government has been forced to re-evaluate juvenile crime in America. Although trends in America show that society wants to try juveniles as adults for violent crimes, rehabilitation for the majority of our youths is the best solution. Juveniles Tried as Adults 2 Due to the evolution of increasingly dangerous and serious violent crimes committed by todays youths, law makers have been put in the position according to Schwartz, to give our communities a false sense of public protection (CQ Researcher, 1994). This is done through the creation of legislation aimed at punishing juveniles for the crimes they commit. However, it is clear that trying juveniles as adults does not address the crime rate or why violent crimes are committed, because it is simply a quick-fix policy that only surfaces around election years, implying that its political (Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service, 1996). Secondly, the majority of crimes committed by juveniles are done so between the hours of 2pm-6pm (Biden, 1998, p.2). As stated, by Governor Wilson of California, until we reform the law, until those who are in fact guilty of serious crimesuntil they are treated as seriously as their crimes require, they are literally going to continue to get away with murder. This shift of emphasis in the crime policy from treatment and rehabilitation to punishment is perceived to stem from the moral panic to violent delinquency (Howell, 1997, p.28), this is because crimes that are being committed among the youths are of the same caliber as crimes committed by adults. In contra st, there are three types of juveniles; first, there are small percentages that commit violent crimes (rape, murder, etc.). Second, there are those who commit less violent crimes (i.e. petty theft). Third, there is a growing population of minors who are at risk of committing crimes (Biden, 1998, p.2). In addition, there are those who believe if you commit the crime you should pay the time. Juveniles should not be tried as adults for violent crimes and given the opportunity to be rehabilitated. Case in point, in the October 1998 issue of Emerge Magazine is a feature article about an 11-year old boy named Nathaniel who is charged with murdering an 18-year old male Juveniles Tried as Adults 3 and shooting at others. He has confessed to firing a stolen gun, but claims he was playing around and not shooting at anyone. Nathaniel has been identified as one emotionally impaired and is functioning three to four years below his age level. He lives in one of Michigans notorious housing project s, where poverty and crime are bedfellows. Nathaniel had been experiencing problems at school and has been questioned by the police on twenty-two occasions for a variety of reasons. Juveniles can be rehabilitated through measures of behavior modification. Nathaniel fits the classic model needed for a study that tested a theory of social learning to explain juvenile delinquency. This theory is based upon altering the social environment of the delinquent, in order to reduce juvenile crime. The study found that interventions aimed at younger, first time offenders may have been more effective (Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1991). Moreover, trying juvenile as an adult could result in grave physical harm of the minor. Since the passing of the S-10 Bill, the Violent and Repeat Juvenile Offender Act of 1997, institutions are no longer mandated to house juveniles in separate quarters from adults, keeping them out of harms way. Instead, now they can be housed alongside adult felons wh o may have nothing to lose. creating an increase in rape, sodomy, and suicide. Furthermore, there is evidence that juveniles who are convicted under the adult system have a high rate of recidivism. Biden states, juveniles tried as adults are more likely to be put on probation, to spend less time in prison, and to commit more crimes in the future that juveniles tried and sentenced in the juvenile system (1998, p.2.). Finally, I contend that rehabilitation is better because they are on children. Children develop behaviors that they see adults exhibit. They are not as mature as adults. They do not have the same cognitive development as adults. If juveniles were capable of making adult Juveniles Tried as Adults 4 decisions then states would not have to put age related sanctions on voting, driving, or the purchase of liquor or tobacco products (Valentine, 1998, p.49). There are countless studies done on child development and socialization of youths, however, Skinner has been the major in fluence in contemporary psychology (Hollin, 1990, p.7). Skinner contends that children learn through Operant Learning. It is his theory that the individuals behavior is related to the environmental consequences it produces. That behavior is either reinforced or punished. For example, in the case of Farouka, if she had been brought before the court during the time period of truancy (early stages of delinquent behavior), an environmental history could have been done. It would have revealed that her father died of a drug overdose, her mother is a current drug and alcohol user, and that she lives in a neighborhood similar to Nathaniels (where crime and poverty are bedfellows). The environment in which she lives in reinforces her negative behaviors, whereas she gains status and recognition for delinquent behavior. Provided this information was known before the infamous strong-armed robbery, it could have been prevented through early intervention. Farouka could learned new behaviors and g ained tools, which should could live a more positive and productive life. Juveniles Tried as Adults 5 References Biden, J. (1998, Winter). Attacking Youth Violence. Criminal Justice Ethics, v17 il p.2(1). Glazer, S. (1994, February). Juvenile Justice. CQ Researcher, v4 p.171-183. Hollin, C. (1990). Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions with Young Offenders, Psychology Practitioner Guidebooks. p.7. Howell, J. (1997) Improving the balance between child development and juvenile punishment in a comprehensive strategy: a comment on Vila. Politics and the Life Sciences. V16 nl p.2894). Lew, B., Hicks-Marlowe, J., Reid, J., Patterson, C., Weinrott, M. (1991). A comparative evaluation of parent training interventions for families of chronic delinquents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, v19, p15 (19). Mowatt, R. (1996, January 11). Harsher penalties urged for juveniles in California. Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service, p. 111K6230. Valentine, V. (1998, October). Youth Crime, Adult Time. E merge Magazine, 48-52. .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 , .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .postImageUrl , .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 , .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514:hover , .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514:visited , .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514:active { border:0!important; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514:active , .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514 .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udb2a88924290a6d111692ef3f2914514:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Media Portrayal of Mental Illness in America Essay

Participation Rates in Texas

Citizens participate in governance by voting and ensuring that the government is transparent and accountable. America, being the foremost democracy in the word, has among the highest rates of citizens’ participation in issues of governance. The rates are however lower than national average in Texas State.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Participation Rates in Texas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Texans participation rate in voting is appallingly low. Champagne and Edward report that in 2006, less than thirty percent of Texans eligible to vote participated in a gubernatorial contest full of political heavy weights (32). Low participation rates in voting and other aspects of governance results from domination of politics by conservative elites. These elites have thwarted reform progress. However, with sustained efforts from civil society and federal government, Texans participation rates will go up. Histor ically, Texas has had a protracted battle to allow women and racial minorities to vote. When Texas joined the Union in the 17th century, voting rights were limited to white adult men. Women’s suffrage movement pressured the government to extend voting rights to women. The federal government yielded to women’s demand and in 1920, women enjoyed equal voting rights with men. However, ethnic minorities like African Americans and Hispanics remained passive observers in the electoral process. Whites dominated political and economic establishments and barred ethnic minorities from voting. White conservative elites passed laws requiring ethnic minorities to pay poll tax before they could participate in elections. This tax served to disenfranchise African American and Hispanic voters who found the tax prohibitive. Hispanic voters who qualified to vote could only vote for candidates that their white bosses preferred. This led to a court battle that Federal courts decided in favo r of ethnic minorities. The court ordered Texas government to withdraw white primary and poll tax as pre-qualifications to participation in voting. The white majority turned to other measures to reduce ethnic minorities’ participation in elections. Schmidt cites â€Å"at-large elections and racial gerrymandering of election district boundaries† (54) as some of the tactics that white majority employed to keep ethnic minorities from the ballot. Today, Texans participate in politics and government through various ways. The first is through elections. To qualify to vote in Texas, one needs to be eighteen years old and above, be a registered voter in the state and above all, be an American citizen. One can therefore participate in elections by voting or active engagement in campaigns. Individuals can volunteer time, money, and services to an election campaign they deem worthwhile.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More More than elections, one can participate in politics through interest groups. These groups pressure the government to bring about reforms for betterment of people’s lives. Additionally, one can participate in government and politics through demonstrations, lobbying legislature, and sometimes through violent protests. Schmidt argues that level of education, economic status, age, and strength of political parties influence voter turnout in United States of America (54). Texas lags behind other states because of a combination of factors. Majority of Texans languish in poverty and their education levels are lower in comparison to other states. Political consciousness is therefore low and hence the low participation rates. Champagne and Edward assert that states with â€Å"older, better-educated populations with relatively high incomes† will have higher rates of citizens’ participation in government. More than being politically conscious, educated people understand the complexity of the ballot process with relative ease. Another reason for low participation rates in Texas is the influx of immigrants. Illegal or not, most immigrants shy away from social services and political participation for fear of deportation. Furthermore, immigrants are not well versed in America’s electoral process. Citizens participate more in the political process when they have effective labor unions and similar affiliations. Texans lack such unions and mobilization to turn out to vote is usually uncoordinated. Texas’ culture plays an important role in influencing participation in politics and governance. Texas is among the states that wanted to secede from the Union during the civil war. Racial segregation was more intense than in other states. There is a high population of immigrants and practice of Mexican culture is more profound than in other states. Texans are hostile to tax progression and thus the limited serv ices from the state. Labor unions are uncommon and the culture of political parties is not as entrenched as it is in other states. Interest groups have therefore been vital in agitating for reforms in a largely conservative state. The groups have focused on women’s suffrage, voting rights for ethnic minorities, and improved participation in governance. ‘Getting involved’ interest group for instance educate and mobilize people to participate in politics. In conclusion, Texas lags behind in political and governance participation because of low literacy levels, poverty, and influx of immigrants. The state has an anti-unions attitude that deprives citizens a very important mobilization tool. The political culture that is a feature of other states is lacking in Texas. Looking ahead, interest groups can continue to lobby for legislations that reflect the diversity inherent in Texas. Civil education can also help to educate people on benefits of voting.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Participation Rates in Texas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Champagne, Anthony, and Edward J. Harpham.  Governing Texas: An Introduction to Texas Politics, Boston, MA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning, 2013. Print. Schmidt, Steffen W.  American Government Politics Today: Texas Edition. Boston, MA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning, 2010. Print. This essay on Participation Rates in Texas was written and submitted by user Elise Sellers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.